{"id":28476,"date":"2019-04-26T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-04-25T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aspeninstitutece.softmedia.cz\/news-article\/kvalita-vladnuti-expertni-studie-za-rok-2018\/"},"modified":"2019-04-26T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2019-04-25T22:00:00","slug":"kvalita-vladnuti-expertni-studie-za-rok-2018","status":"publish","type":"news-article","link":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/news-article\/kvalita-vladnuti-expertni-studie-za-rok-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"Kvalita vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed:
expertn\u00ed studie
za rok 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"

DIGITALIZACE ST\u00c1TN\u00cd SPR\u00c1VY ZAOST\u00c1V\u00c1, INSPIRAC\u00cd M\u016e\u017dE B\u00ddT BRITSK\u00dd MODEL<\/strong><\/p>\n

Zadlu\u017eenost ob\u010dan\u016f, nedostatek byt\u016f ve velk\u00fdch m\u011bstech \u010di digitalizace st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy. To jsou podle vedouc\u00edho expertn\u00ed skupiny Aspen Institute Central Europe a garanta<\/strong> studie v oblasti kvalita vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed<\/strong><\/a> Karla \u0160imky<\/a>, soudce nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00edho spr\u00e1vn\u00edho soudu \u010cR, nejpal\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9my \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Doporu\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e1 \u0160imka navrhl na konferenci <\/strong>Kam kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed\u0161, \u010cesko?<\/strong><\/a>, zahrnuj\u00ed mimo jin\u00e9 i odpolitizov\u00e1n\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy, nov\u00fd stavebn\u00ed z\u00e1kon, jasnou energetickou koncepci \u010di novelu z\u00e1kona o st\u00e1tn\u00ed slu\u017eb\u011b.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Politick\u00fd syst\u00e9m v\u00a0\u010cesku<\/strong> je podle \u0160imkova hodnocen\u00ed lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch instituc\u00ed
\ni nad\u00e1le stabiln\u00ed a re\u00e1ln\u011b pluralitn\u00ed. Justi\u010dn\u00ed syst\u00e9m z\u016fstal v z\u00e1sad\u011b nez\u00e1visl\u00fd a z hlediska kvality pr\u00e1vn\u00edho st\u00e1tu si \u010cesk\u00e1 republika vedla v\u00a0mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch \u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dc\u00edch stabiln\u011b nejl\u00e9pe ze v\u0161ech postkomunistick\u00fdch st\u00e1t\u016f st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy.<\/p>\n

P\u0159esto v\u0161ak situace nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b r\u016f\u017eov\u00e1. Jak \u0160imka upozor\u0148uje, vl\u00e1da sice na konci roku 2018 schv\u00e1lila systematick\u00fd pl\u00e1n \u201cDigit\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010cesko\u201d, kter\u00fd by m\u011bl v\u00e9st k digitalizaci st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy<\/strong>, ten nicm\u00e9n\u011b st\u00e1le zaost\u00e1v\u00e1 daleko za sv\u00fdmi mo\u017enostmi.<\/p>\n

Pro srovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u0160imka uv\u00e1d\u00ed eGovernment ve Velk\u00e9 Brit\u00e1nii<\/strong>, jeho\u017e realizace byla sv\u011b\u0159ena mana\u017eer\u016fm se zku\u0161enostmi ze soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru. V\u00a0r\u00e1mci projektu vznikla platforma Digital Marketplace<\/strong> pro n\u00e1kup slu\u017eeb od IT firem, kter\u00e1 umo\u017e\u0148uje zapojen\u00ed i mal\u00fdch a st\u0159edn\u00edch spole\u010dnost\u00ed. Sou\u010dasn\u011b se britsk\u00e1 vl\u00e1da rozhodla s\u00a0hled\u00e1n\u00edm nejlep\u0161\u00edch \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed pro st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vu obr\u00e1tit na intern\u00ed t\u00fdm, nikoliv na extern\u00edho dodavatele. V\u00fdsledkem je tak zjednodu\u0161en\u00ed cel\u00e9ho procesu a v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 uspo\u0159en\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f. Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed cesta byla toti\u017e zvolena jako p\u0159ednostn\u00ed zp\u016fsob komunikace s\u00a0ob\u010dany. Je n\u011bkolikan\u00e1sobn\u011b levn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e telefonick\u00e1, po\u0161tovn\u00ed \u010di osobn\u00ed a pro ob\u010dany mnohem komfortn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b nedota\u017een\u00e9 digitalizace tr\u00e1p\u00ed st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vu i zat\u00edm nevyda\u0159en\u00e9 pokusy o jej\u00ed odpolitizov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong>. Sou\u010dasn\u011b i nad\u00e1le nar\u016fst\u00e1 po\u010det zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou placeni z ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch rozpo\u010dt\u016f, a z\u00e1kon o st\u00e1tn\u00ed slu\u017eb\u011b zt\u011b\u017euje person\u00e1ln\u00ed propustnost mezi st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vou a soukrom\u00fdm sektorem.<\/p>\n

\n

\u201eVe\u0159ejn\u00e1 spr\u00e1va jen velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1 odborn\u00edky ze soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru, proto\u017ee si je nem\u016f\u017ee vz\u00edt p\u0159\u00edmo. Nov\u00ed \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edci tak mus\u00ed proj\u00edt ur\u010dit\u00fdm syst\u00e9mem postupn\u00e9ho r\u016fstu v\u00a0r\u00e1mci st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy. M\u00e1lokomu ze soukrom\u00e9ho sektoru se v\u0161ak chce za\u010d\u00ednat na nejni\u017e\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010dk\u00e1ch st\u00e1tn\u00ed slu\u017eby pot\u00e9, co u\u017e je profesion\u00e1lem v\u00a0n\u011bjak\u00e9m oboru,\u201c
\n– Karel \u0160imka<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Podle \u0160imky se \u010cesk\u00e1 republika nad\u00e1le pot\u00fdk\u00e1 tak\u00e9 s\u00a0nep\u0159ehlednost\u00ed a slo\u017eitost\u00ed pr\u00e1vn\u00edho syst\u00e9mu. \u00a0T\u0159eba v\u00a0p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b exekuc\u00ed se podm\u00ednky dlu\u017en\u00edk\u016f zlep\u0161ovaly pouze m\u00edrn\u011b. P\u0159itom nab\u00eddnut\u00ed v\u00fdchodiska p\u0159edlu\u017een\u00fdm lidem<\/strong> z\u00a0jejich situace by mohlo redukovat jejich politickou n\u00e1klonnost k\u00a0antisyst\u00e9mov\u00fdm stran\u00e1m a uchylov\u00e1n\u00ed se do \u0161ed\u00e9 z\u00f3ny ekonomiky, m\u00edn\u00ed \u0160imka. Politici se ov\u0161em p\u0159i \u00favah\u00e1ch o v\u00fdhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch pro oddlu\u017een\u00ed ob\u00e1vaj\u00ed \u201emor\u00e1ln\u00edho hazardu\u201c.<\/p>\n

Sou\u010dasn\u011b i stavebn\u00ed a jin\u00e1 povolovac\u00ed \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed jsou zdlouhav\u00e1 a t\u011b\u017ekop\u00e1dn\u00e1. V\u00a0\u017eeb\u0159\u00ed\u010dku Doing Business 2018<\/strong>, zpracovan\u00e9m Sv\u011btovou bankou, skon\u010dila \u010desk\u00e1 pravidla pro stavebnictv\u00ed<\/strong>
\nna 127. m\u00edst\u011b ze 190<\/strong> posuzovan\u00fdch a jsou hodnocena jako siln\u011b zpomaluj\u00edc\u00ed. Pokud by se v\u0161ak tyto procesy poda\u0159ilo zm\u011bnit, vedlo by to podle \u0160imky k v\u00fdznamn\u00e9mu urychlen\u00ed v\u00fdstavby. Mno\u017estv\u00ed nov\u00fdch budov by pak odpov\u00eddalo popt\u00e1vce po reziden\u010dn\u00edm bydlen\u00ed, a to by d\u00edky poklesu cen bylo dostupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Stejn\u00e1 situace je tak\u00e9 ve v\u00fdstavb\u011b s\u00ed\u0165ov\u00e9 infrastruktury, tedy dopravn\u00edch staveb, i digit\u00e1ln\u00ed infrastruktury. \u0158e\u0161en\u00edm by tak mohl b\u00fdt zcela nov\u00fd stavebn\u00ed z\u00e1kon.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b s\u00a0jist\u00fdmi p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017ekami se pot\u00fdkaj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed oblasti. Nap\u0159\u00edklad ani po \u0159ad\u011b let diskuz\u00ed nen\u00ed st\u00e1le jasn\u00e9, jak\u00fdm sm\u011brem se m\u00e1 vydat energetick\u00e1 politika st\u00e1tu<\/strong>. Tedy zda m\u00e1 doj\u00edt k\u00a0nahrazen\u00ed st\u00e1rnouc\u00edch jadern\u00fdch i uheln\u00fdch elektr\u00e1ren nov\u00fdmi jadern\u00fdmi bloky a zda pokra\u010dovat v\u00a0posilov\u00e1n\u00ed obnoviteln\u00fdch zdroj\u016f v\u00a0r\u00e1mci energetick\u00e9ho mixu. S\u00a0energetickou koncepc\u00ed pak souvis\u00ed i ot\u00e1zka, v\u00a0jak\u00e9 m\u00ed\u0159e rozv\u00edjet elektromobilitu, jeliko\u017e n\u00e1r\u016fst elektromobil\u016f v\u00a0doprav\u011b by znamenal n\u00e1r\u016fst spot\u0159eby elekt\u0159iny a vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1roky na distribu\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edt\u011b elektrick\u00e9 energie.<\/p>\n

Stejn\u011b tak se v\u00a0lo\u0148sk\u00e9m roce uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee je pot\u0159eba v\u011bnovat se i problematice p\u0159izp\u016fsoben\u00ed se klimatick\u00e9 zm\u011bn\u011b<\/strong>. Dlouhodob\u00e9 sucho a letn\u00ed vlna veder daly vzniknout debat\u00e1m o zaji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed dostatku pitn\u00e9 i u\u017eitkov\u00e9 vody, ochlazov\u00e1n\u00ed tepeln\u00fdch ostrov\u016f ve m\u011bstech \u010di roli m\u011bstsk\u00e9 zelen\u011b. Ucelen\u00e1 a systematicky prosazovan\u00e1 adapta\u010dn\u00ed strategie v\u0161ak zat\u00edm chyb\u00ed.<\/p>\n

T\u011bmito i dal\u0161\u00edmi t\u00e9maty se zab\u00fdvala konference Kam kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed\u0161, \u010cesko?<\/strong><\/a>, kter\u00e1 se uskute\u010dnila 22. listopadu 2018 v Pra\u017esk\u00e9 k\u0159i\u017eovatce. Za c\u00edl m\u011bla komplexn\u011b zhodnotit politick\u00fd, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd a spole\u010densk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky. Nav\u00e1zala p\u0159i tom na p\u0159edchoz\u00ed ro\u010dn\u00edky<\/a> a stav\u011bla na pr\u00e1ci expertn\u00edch skupin odborn\u00edk\u016f z byznysu, st\u00e1tn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy i akademick\u00e9 obce mapuj\u00edc\u00edch stav \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v p\u011bti oblastech: konkurenceschopnost, kvalita vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed, vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, obrana a bezpe\u010dnost, kvalita \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

V pr\u016fb\u011bhu konference m\u011bli \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci mo\u017enost rozhodnout prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm online hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed o p\u011bti nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edch doporu\u010den\u00edch pro vl\u00e1du<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 pova\u017euj\u00ed za kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e1 pro \u010cR v roce 2018. Po\u0159ad\u00ed hlasov\u00e1n\u00ed dopadlo n\u00e1sledovn\u011b:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Zv\u00fd\u0161it investice do vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a srovnat platy u\u010ditel\u016f s platy jin\u00fdch V\u0160 absolvent\u016f – 82 %.<\/li>\n
  2. Zvy\u0161ovat odolnost \u010desk\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti v\u016f\u010di dezinforma\u010dn\u00edmu p\u016fsoben\u00ed a ovliv\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed ekonomick\u00e9 a politick\u00e9 sf\u00e9ry ze strany ciz\u00edch mocnost\u00ed – 56 %.<\/li>\n
  3. P\u0159istoupit k radik\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159estavb\u011b ekonomiky sm\u011brem k ekonomice zalo\u017een\u00e9 na technologi\u00edch a inovac\u00edch – 55 %.<\/li>\n
  4. V souladu s p\u0159ijatou koncepc\u00ed Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010cesko chytit \u201edruh\u00fd dech\u201c v oblasti digitalizace – 42 %.<\/li>\n
  5. Investovat do modern\u00edch obrann\u00fdch syst\u00e9m\u016f a v\u00fdzkumu a v\u00fdvoje technologi\u00ed a dost\u00e1t z\u00e1vazk\u016f plynouc\u00edch z \u010dlenstv\u00ed v NATO – 33 %.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Na po\u010d\u00e1tku roku 2019 Aspen Institute Central Europe rozeslal souhrn nejpal\u010div\u011bj\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9m\u016f v dan\u00fdch oblastech a n\u00e1vrh doporu\u010den\u00ed<\/strong> t\u011bm, kte\u0159\u00ed o budoucnosti \u010cR rozhoduj\u00ed.<\/p>\n

     <\/p>\n

    Prezenta\u010dn\u00ed video<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

    Konferen\u010dn\u00ed bro\u017eura<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Expertn\u00ed studie Aspen Institute CE mapuj\u00edc\u00ed stav \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v roce 2018 z hlediska kvality vl\u00e1dnut\u00ed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":18825,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"news-tag":[],"class_list":["post-28476","news-article","type-news-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-article\/28476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news-article"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18825"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"news-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tag?post=28476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}