{"id":28710,"date":"2020-05-29T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2020-05-28T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aspeninstitutece.softmedia.cz\/news-article\/digitalni-negramotnost-ceskeho-vzdelavaciho-systemu\/"},"modified":"2020-05-29T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2020-05-28T22:00:00","slug":"digitalni-negramotnost-ceskeho-vzdelavaciho-systemu","status":"publish","type":"news-article","link":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/news-article\/digitalni-negramotnost-ceskeho-vzdelavaciho-systemu\/","title":{"rendered":"Digit\u00e1ln\u00ed (ne)gramotnost \u010desk\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00edho syst\u00e9mu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Koronavirov\u00e1 krize vedla k uzav\u0159en\u00ed \u0161kol a postavila je p\u0159ed nelehk\u00fd \u00fakol \u2013 zajistit vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed d\u011bt\u00ed a student\u016f na d\u00e1lku, tedy v\u00a0jejich domovech s\u00a0pomoc\u00ed internetu. Zvl\u00e1dlo tuto mimo\u0159\u00e1dnou situaci \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed? Jak na ni bylo p\u0159ipraveno? A mohlo v\u016fbec b\u00fdt? O t\u011bchto ot\u00e1zk\u00e1ch ve \u010dtvrtek 28. kv\u011btna diskutovali p\u0159edn\u00ed experti. Pokra\u010duj\u00ed tak v s\u00e9rii debat, letos poprv\u00e9 ve virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed podob\u011b, p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed konferenci Kam kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed\u0161, \u010cesko<\/em>. Tu ka\u017edoro\u010dn\u011b po\u0159\u00e1daj\u00ed Aspen Institute Central Europe a medi\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fm Economia. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Pozvan\u00ed host\u00e9 se shodli na tom, \u017ee v\u00a0\u00farovni distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduky byly mezi \u0161kolami velk\u00e9 rozd\u00edly. N\u011bkter\u00e9 si vedly dob\u0159e, jin\u00e9 propadly. Do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry z\u00e1le\u017eelo na aktivit\u011b a po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00e9 gramotnosti pedagog\u016f. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 se uk\u00e1zalo, \u017ee pot\u0159eba digit\u00e1ln\u00ed technologie zv\u011bt\u0161uje vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed handicap d\u011bt\u00ed z chud\u0161\u00edch rodin. Mnoho z\u00a0nich nedisponovalo pot\u0159ebn\u00fdm vybaven\u00edm, tedy po\u010d\u00edta\u010di nebo notebooky, a pokud ano, nedok\u00e1zaly si se zad\u00e1van\u00fdmi \u00fakoly pro \u0161kol\u00e1ky a zas\u00edl\u00e1n\u00edm po\u017eadovan\u00e9ho vypracov\u00e1n\u00ed \u00faloh technicky poradit. P\u0159esto v\u0161ak v\u00fduka na d\u00e1lku p\u0159inejmen\u0161\u00edm jeden pozitivn\u00ed poznatek p\u0159inesla. Pedagogov\u00e9 si ov\u011b\u0159ili, \u017ee mohou \u0159adu v\u011bc\u00ed vy\u0159e\u0161it on-line, a p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm pro vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly je virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed komunikace v\u00fdzvou do budoucnosti.<\/p>\n

z\u00e1znam debaTy<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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Debatu otev\u0159el moder\u00e1tor Petr Honzejk, <\/strong>vedouc\u00ed rubriky Koment\u00e1\u0159e Hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdch novin, a po\u017e\u00e1dal o prezentaci nov\u00fdch v\u00fdsledk\u016f v\u00fdzkum\u016f PAQ Research a IDEA o digit\u00e1ln\u00ed p\u0159ipravenosti \u0161kol, prvn\u00edch reakc\u00edch dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed se \u0161kol\u00e1ky a probl\u00e9mech soci\u00e1ln\u011b-ekonomick\u00fdch nerovnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\u201eZkoumali jsme postoj asi 800 rodi\u010d\u016f a zaj\u00edmali se, jak vn\u00edmaj\u00ed distan\u010dn\u00ed v\u00fduku. Ptali jsme se na to, jak\u00e9 maj\u00ed aspirace, tedy jak\u00e9ho vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed by podle nich mohly jejich d\u011bti dos\u00e1hnout. Zaj\u00edmav\u00e9 je, \u017ee ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s\u00a0rokem 2019 tyto aspirace klesly. Mo\u017en\u00e1 to bylo pr\u00e1v\u011b kv\u016fli distan\u010dn\u00edmu vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a zhor\u0161en\u00e9mu p\u0159\u00edstupu k\u00a0p\u0159ij\u00edmac\u00edm zkou\u0161k\u00e1m na st\u0159edn\u00ed \u0161koly,\u201c\u00a0<\/em>\u0159ekl Daniel Prokop<\/strong>, vedouc\u00ed expertn\u00ed skupiny Aspen Institute CE a zakladatel PAQ Research<\/a>.<\/p>\n

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\u201eD\u00e1le jsme zjistili, \u017ee si \u0159ada rodi\u010d\u016f d\u011bt\u00ed, zejm\u00e9na t\u011bch na druh\u00e9m stupni, mysl\u00ed, \u017ee dost\u00e1vaj\u00ed studijn\u00ed l\u00e1tky p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 moc, s\u00a0\u010d\u00edm\u017e se mohli podrobn\u011bji sezn\u00e1mit a\u017e nyn\u00ed. A kone\u010dn\u011b, \u017ee asi osm procent d\u011bt\u00ed v\u016fbec nem\u011blo p\u0159\u00edstup k\u00a0po\u010d\u00edta\u010di, co\u017e sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o soci\u00e1ln\u00edch nerovnostech,\u201c<\/em> dodal Daniel Prokop<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

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Ministr \u0161kolstv\u00ed, ml\u00e1de\u017ee a t\u011blov\u00fdchovy Robert Plaga<\/strong> p\u0159ipustil, \u017ee jeho \u00fa\u0159ad \u010delil kritice, pro\u010d se nepoda\u0159ilo zajistit, aby b\u011bhem pandemie m\u011bly v\u0161echny d\u011bti stejn\u00fd n\u00e1rok na vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed. \u201eM\u00e1me obrovskou diverzitu \u0161kol, a pr\u00e1v\u011b to se uk\u00e1zalo b\u011bhem t\u00e9to krize. Rodiny nejsou v\u0161echny stejn\u011b vybaven\u00e9. Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d mnohdy nebyl voln\u00fd pro v\u00fduku, proto\u017ee ho pou\u017e\u00edvali rodi\u010de v\u00a0re\u017eimu home office. Ohro\u017een\u00fdch \u0161kol je p\u0159es tis\u00edc, sna\u017e\u00edme se je technicky dovybavovat s\u00a0pomoc\u00ed evropsk\u00fdch fond\u016f. A p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm chceme, po dohod\u011b s\u00a0oper\u00e1tory, o\u0161et\u0159it eduka\u010dn\u00ed dom\u00e9ny tak, aby se nedost\u00e1valy do datov\u00fdch tarif\u016f,\u201c<\/em> uvedl ministr. Jak d\u00e1le sd\u011blil, ministerstvo p\u0159ipravuje pro soci\u00e1ln\u011b slab\u0161\u00ed regiony n\u00e1vrh vyrovn\u00e1vac\u00edch letn\u00edch kemp\u016f, kter\u00e9 by m\u011bly d\u011bti k\u00a0dopln\u011bn\u00ed v\u00fduky motivovat. \u00a0Pr\u00e1ce u\u010ditel\u016f nav\u00edc by pak m\u011bla b\u00fdt \u0159editelem \u0161koly ocen\u011bna mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00fdmi odm\u011bnami.<\/p>\n

\u201eD\u00edky zm\u011bn\u011b financov\u00e1n\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161kolstv\u00ed mohou \u0159editel\u00e9 sv\u00e9 u\u010ditele odm\u011bnit. A dev\u00edtiprocentn\u00ed nav\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed plat\u016f pro p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00ed rok ur\u010dit\u011b bude. Tak to m\u00e1m sl\u00edbeno od premi\u00e9ra i ministryn\u011b financ\u00ed,\u201c<\/em> doplnil Robert Plaga.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Daniel M\u00fcnich<\/strong>, v\u00fdkonn\u00fd \u0159editel think tanku IDEA p\u0159i CERGE-EI<\/a> a poradce expertn\u00ed skupiny Aspen Institute CE,\u00a0se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee \u010desk\u00e9 \u0161kolstv\u00ed na koronavirovou pandemii p\u0159ipraveno nebylo a ani b\u00fdt nemohlo. \u201eU\u010ditel\u00e9 se sna\u017eili. \u010cesko se s\u00a0t\u00edm potr\u00e1pilo stejn\u011b, jako v\u011bt\u0161ina zem\u00ed. Distan\u010dn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed nen\u00ed univerz\u00e1ln\u00ed budoucnost. Pro vysok\u00e9 \u0161koly jsou nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u0159edn\u00e1\u0161ky touto formou rozumn\u00e9, u ni\u017e\u0161\u00edch \u0161kol to ale po internetu nep\u016fjde. Ur\u010dit\u011b t\u00edm nenahrad\u00edme klasickou v\u00fduku. Uk\u00e1zalo se v\u0161ak, \u017ee memorov\u00e1n\u00ed bychom m\u011bli sn\u00ed\u017eit na polovinu a u\u010dit to podstatn\u00e9,\u201c<\/em> poznamenal.<\/p>\n

kr\u00e1tk\u00fd podcast<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0158editelka Z\u0160 Ne\u0161t\u011bmick\u00e1 z \u00dast\u00ed nad Labem Marie<\/strong> \u010c\u00e1pov\u00e1<\/strong> upozornila na to, \u017ee nikdo z\u00a0u\u010ditel\u016f, \u017e\u00e1k\u016f \u010di rodi\u010d\u016f v cel\u00e9 zemi nev\u011bd\u011bl, jak dlouho z\u016fstanou \u0161koly zav\u0159en\u00e9. \u201eNikdo \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd n\u00e1vod nem\u011bl. Tak\u017ee nejjednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed z po\u010d\u00e1tku bylo pos\u00edlat \u00fakoly na jedno m\u00edsto \u2013 Google Drive. Ka\u017ed\u00fd u\u010ditel si obsah opakov\u00e1n\u00ed probran\u00e9 l\u00e1tky a upev\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed znalost\u00ed nastavoval podle pot\u0159eb sv\u00fdch i pot\u0159eb \u017e\u00e1k\u016f. Zji\u0161\u0165ovali jsme po\u010det \u017e\u00e1k\u016f v online v\u00fduce a t\u011bch bez mo\u017enosti p\u0159ipojen\u00ed. Z toho vyplynuly po\u010dty \u017e\u00e1k\u016f s nutnost\u00ed p\u0159ed\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed podklad\u016f formou pracovn\u00edch list\u016f vhozen\u00fdch do schr\u00e1nky. <\/em>Rodi\u010de poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00e9ho socio-ekonomick\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed. Dle zp\u011btn\u00e9 vazby byl a je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edm probl\u00e9mem objem dat pro online v\u00fduku. Velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed \u017e\u00e1k\u016f m\u00e1 jen zakoupen\u00e9 kupony na dobit\u00ed telefonu, na kter\u00e9m se p\u0159ipojuj\u00ed k online v\u00fduce,“\u00a0<\/em>sd\u011blila.\u00a0 Podle jej\u00edho n\u00e1zoru nebude m\u00edt krize \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd vliv na to, jak se d\u011bti v budoucnu profesn\u011b uplatn\u00ed.<\/p>\n

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Ond\u0159ej Zapletal<\/strong>, \u0159editel Nadace \u010cesk\u00e9 spo\u0159itelny<\/a>, p\u0159ipomn\u011bl, \u017ee velkou pozornost je t\u0159eba v\u011bnovat d\u011btem z ohro\u017een\u00fdch rodin.\u00a0\u201eJe to obrovsk\u00fd probl\u00e9m. D\u011bt\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly \u00fapln\u011b odst\u0159i\u017eeny od v\u00fduky, je podle pr\u016fzkum\u016f minim\u00e1ln\u011b deset tis\u00edc. St\u00e1t by m\u011bl zv\u00fd\u0161it investice do ter\u00e9nn\u00ed pr\u00e1ce a v\u011bnovat pr\u00e1v\u011b t\u011bmto d\u011btem zv\u00fd\u0161enou pozornost. Pandemie obna\u017eila probl\u00e9my \u010desk\u00e9ho \u0161kolstv\u00ed, tedy nerovn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edstup ke vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, struktur\u00e1ln\u00ed probl\u00e9my \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed \u0161kolstv\u00ed, nedostate\u010dn\u00e9 kompetence u\u010ditel\u016f a podfinancovanost. Je d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 neuhnout z n\u00e1rodn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1vac\u00ed strategie 2030, kter\u00e1 m\u00e1 v\u016fli tyto dlouhodob\u00e9 probl\u00e9my \u0159e\u0161it,\u201c<\/em> dodal.<\/p>\n

Podle \u0161\u00e9fa Aspen Institute CE Ji\u0159\u00edho Schneidera<\/strong> bylo uzav\u0159en\u00ed \u0161kol velk\u00fdm z\u00e1t\u011b\u017eov\u00fdm testem. \u201ePandemie<\/em> uk\u00e1zala, jak se s\u00a0n\u00e1hlou zm\u011bnou dok\u00e1zali vyrovnat nejen u\u010ditel\u00e9 a \u017e\u00e1ci, ale tak\u00e9 rodi\u010de. M\u00e1me tak k dispozici neoceniteln\u00e9 podn\u011bty pro debatu o celo\u017eivotn\u00edm vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, co\u017e je t\u00e9ma, kter\u00e9mu se v\u00a0r\u00e1mci projektu Kam kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed\u0161, \u010cesko dlouhodob\u011b v\u011bnujeme. Velk\u00fdm probl\u00e9mem do budoucna m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt to, \u017ee se je\u0161t\u011b v\u00edce zv\u011bt\u0161ily rozd\u00edly mezi t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed krizi zvl\u00e1dli, a t\u011bmi, co zaost\u00e1vaj\u00ed,\u201c <\/em>poznamenal Ji\u0159\u00ed Schneider.<\/p>\n

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T\u0159et\u00ed diskuse ze s\u00e9rie online debat p\u0159edch\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00edch v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed konferenci Kam kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed\u0161, \u010cesko 2020.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":20088,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"news-tag":[589],"class_list":["post-28710","news-article","type-news-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","news-tag-dalsi"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-article\/28710","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news-article"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/20088"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28710"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"news-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tag?post=28710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}