{"id":28806,"date":"2019-05-13T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2019-05-12T22:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aspeninstitutece.softmedia.cz\/news-article\/prokleti-periferii-a-exekuci\/"},"modified":"2024-12-17T15:42:29","modified_gmt":"2024-12-17T14:42:29","slug":"prokleti-periferii-a-exekuci","status":"publish","type":"news-article","link":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/news-article\/prokleti-periferii-a-exekuci\/","title":{"rendered":"Proklet\u00ed periferi\u00ed<br> a exekuc\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>D\u016fv\u011bra \u010cech\u016f v demokracii a instituce z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 v porovn\u00e1n\u00ed s ostatn\u00edmi postkomunistick\u00fdmi st\u00e1ty podpr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1. Jedn\u00edm z d\u016fvod\u016f nespokojenosti jsou rozd\u00edly v kvalit\u011b \u017eivota. Regiony se li\u0161\u00ed v soci\u00e1ln\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9 nerovnosti, bezpe\u010dnosti, dostupnosti \u010di \u00farovni vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. I z\u00a0toho d\u016fvodu se toto t\u00e9ma stalo p\u0159edm\u011btem expertn\u00edho kulat\u00e9ho stolu na Univerzit\u011b Palack\u00e9ho a navazuj\u00edc\u00ed ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 debaty v Um\u011bleck\u00e9m centru Univerzity Palack\u00e9ho v Olomouci, kter\u00e9 6. kv\u011btna po\u0159\u00e1dal\u00a0Aspen Institute CE. Diskuse se speci\u00e1ln\u011b zam\u011b\u0159ila na probl\u00e9m exekuc\u00ed a faktory, kter\u00e9 tento jev podmi\u0148uj\u00ed.<\/strong><strong>\u00a0T\u011bm lze p\u0159edch\u00e1zet nejen finan\u010dn\u00ed a pr\u00e1vn\u00ed osv\u011btou, ale i zjednodu\u0161en\u00edm podm\u00ednek pro vyhl\u00e1\u0161en\u00ed osobn\u00edho bankrotu. Z\u00e1sadn\u00ed jsou tak\u00e9 rozd\u00edly v <\/strong><strong>\u00farovni vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a jeho dostupnosti, ji\u017e nav\u00edc podmi\u0148uje socio-ekonomick\u00fd status rodiny.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>V odpoledn\u00edch hodin\u00e1ch se v rektorsk\u00e9m salonku Univerzity Palack\u00e9ho se\u0161lo na pozv\u00e1n\u00ed <strong>prorektora pro vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vztahy Petra Bil\u00edka<\/strong> a Aspen Institute CE <strong>15 expert\u016f\u00a0<\/strong>v\u010detn\u011b<strong> <b>Daniela Prokopa,\u00a0sociologa a koordin\u00e1tora expertn\u00ed skupiny Aspen Institute CE pro oblast kvality \u017eivota.<\/b><\/strong>\u00a0Podkladem pro diskusi\u00a0byla i na\u0161e lo\u0148sk\u00e1\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.irozhlas.cz\/zpravy-domov\/mapa-kvality-zivota-median-prokop-kscm-spd_1811220600_jab\" rel=\"noopener\">mapa kvality \u017eivota<\/a>, kter\u00e1\u00a0je unik\u00e1tn\u00ed t\u00edm, \u017ee\u00a0kombinuje 2 metody\u00a0vyj\u00e1d\u0159en\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017enosti jednotliv\u00fdch probl\u00e9m\u016f a m\u00edru jejich souvislosti s\u00a0kvalitou \u017eivota, a tak\u00e9 zahrnuje\u00a0kompletn\u011b v\u0161echny obce \u010cR, nejen velk\u00e1 m\u011bsta. Odborn\u00edci se shodli, \u017ee z\u00e1kladem je finan\u010dn\u00ed gramotnost, kter\u00e1 v\u0161ak u\u017e v\u00a0n\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u011bku nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed na odpor ze strany rodi\u010d\u016f.\u00a0Snahy o zm\u011bnu su\u017euje nahodilost aktivit, jejich\u017e \u00fa\u010dinnost je pom\u011brn\u011b mal\u00e1, t\u00fdk\u00e1 se pouze men\u0161\u00edch skupin, a sp\u00ed\u0161 poukazuje na nedostatky v\u00a0syst\u00e9mu. Velk\u00fdm t\u00e9matem byly tak\u00e9 m\u00edstn\u00ed ak\u010dn\u00ed skupiny. Aby byly funk\u010dn\u00ed jak\u00e9koliv syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 kroky, mus\u00ed b\u00fdt institucionalizov\u00e1ny \u2013 dobrovolnost se uk\u00e1zala b\u00fdt ne\u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1. D\u00e1le se diskutovalo i o zp\u016fsobech, jak nab\u00edzet neform\u00e1ln\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, aby po n\u011bm vznikla dobrovoln\u00e1 popt\u00e1vka. V\u00a0diskusi\u00a0rovn\u011b\u017e zazn\u011blo, \u017ee krom\u011b pr\u00e1ce s\u00a0ml\u00e1de\u017e\u00ed jsme krajn\u011b nep\u0159ipraveni na komunikaci se seniorn\u00edm obyvatelstvem. Dob\u0159e funguj\u00edc\u00ed je m\u00edstn\u00ed univerzita t\u0159et\u00edho v\u011bku, ale to nesta\u010d\u00ed. Ve sv\u00fdch snah\u00e1ch korigovat nedostatky syst\u00e9mu nar\u00e1\u017e\u00ed neziskov\u00fd sektor na velkou rozdrobenost, kter\u00e1 zt\u011b\u017euje hled\u00e1n\u00ed vhodn\u00e9ho pole aktivit. <strong>V\u00fdstupy z tohoto kulat\u00e9ho stolu<\/strong> poslou\u017e\u00ed tak\u00e9 k p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b <strong>studie<\/strong> na <strong>t\u00e9ma kvalita \u017eivota<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 bude prezentov\u00e1na a diskutov\u00e1na na podzimn\u00ed v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed konferenci <strong>&#8222;Kam kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed\u0161, \u010cesko?&#8220; 2019<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"500\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"cs\" dir=\"ltr\">Dnes jsme v r\u00e1mci region\u00e1ln\u00ed debaty &quot;Kam kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed\u0161, \u010cesko?&quot; diskutovali u kulat\u00e9ho stolu na <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/UPOlomouc?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"noopener\">@UPOlomouc<\/a> o ob\u010dansk\u00e9m <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/vzd%C4%9Bl%C3%A1v%C3%A1n%C3%AD?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"noopener\">#vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed<\/a> a region\u00e1ln\u00edch rozd\u00edlech ve vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Diskuse se z\u00fa\u010dastnili z\u00e1stupci univerzity, neziskov\u00e9ho sektoru i ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 spr\u00e1vy. <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/hashtag\/AspenAnnual?src=hash&amp;ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"noopener\">#AspenAnnual<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/zqpBU6zMNT\">pic.twitter.com\/zqpBU6zMNT<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Aspen Institute CE (@AspenInstCE) <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/AspenInstCE\/status\/1125429776834093056?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\" rel=\"noopener\">May 6, 2019<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>Ve\u010der se uskute\u010dnila <strong>ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 debata<\/strong>, kter\u00e1 se specificky zam\u011b\u0159ila na probl\u00e9m exekuc\u00ed. Jedn\u00edm z\u00a0kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch faktor\u016f, kter\u00e9\u00a0tento jev podmi\u0148uj\u00ed, je\u00a0nerovnost dostupnosti vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed a jeho samotn\u00e1 kvalita.\u00a0Z\u00a0tohoto hlediska si nejh\u016f\u0159e vedou periferie, tedy pohrani\u010dn\u00ed oblasti republiky. Problematika se v\u0161ak t\u00fdk\u00e1 i okrajov\u00fdch oblast\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch kraj\u016f, takzvan\u00fdch \u201evnit\u0159n\u00edch periferi\u00ed\u201c. Kroky vedouc\u00ed ke zlep\u0161en\u00ed situace nab\u00eddl\u00a0<strong>Daniel Prokop<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201e<em>Pro sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed region\u00e1ln\u00edch nerovnost\u00ed je pot\u0159eba soub\u011bh v\u00edce krok\u016f: lep\u0161\u00ed vyu\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed evropsk\u00fdch dotac\u00ed, vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9mu exekuc\u00ed, d\u00edky nim\u017e velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st pracovn\u00ed s\u00edly chce d\u011blat na \u010derno, \u010di sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed zdan\u011bn\u00ed levn\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce. A taky investice do \u0161kolstv\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v dan\u00fdch kraj\u00edch zaost\u00e1v\u00e1. \u0160kolstv\u00ed \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b dopl\u00e1c\u00ed na celkovou situaci v kraji, ale posiluje ji \u2013 odrazuje aspiruj\u00edc\u00ed vzd\u011blan\u00e9 lidi od toho, aby s\u00a0 d\u011btmi po studi\u00edch v\u00a0 regionu z\u016fstali, vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed m\u00e9n\u011b kvalifikovanou pracovn\u00ed s\u00edlu, posiluje soci\u00e1ln\u00ed vylou\u010den\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti obyvatel.\u201c<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd probl\u00e9m, se kter\u00fdm kvalita \u017eivota \u010cech\u016f souvis\u00ed, p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed <strong>exekuce<\/strong>. V\u00a0sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b se s nimi pot\u00fdk\u00e1 p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 800 tis\u00edc obyvatel \u010cR. Podm\u00ednky pro oddlu\u017een\u00ed jsou ov\u0161em nastaven\u00e9 tak, \u017ee dlu\u017en\u00edky k cest\u011b z dluhov\u00fdch past\u00ed nemotivuj\u00ed. Vysok\u00e9 sr\u00e1\u017eky z\u00a0leg\u00e1ln\u00edho v\u00fdd\u011blku vedou k\u00a0n\u00e1r\u016fstu \u0161ed\u00e9ho trhu pr\u00e1ce. Z\u00a0toho d\u016fvodu se investo\u0159i necht\u011bj\u00ed pod\u00edlet na rozvoji dan\u00e9ho kraje. Neda\u0159\u00ed se jim toti\u017e naj\u00edt dostatek zam\u011bstnanc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed by byli ochotni pracovat pro spole\u010dnost leg\u00e1ln\u011b. Vysokou m\u00edru p\u0159edlu\u017een\u00ed by podle <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/people-profile\/daniel-prokop\/\"><strong>Daniela<\/strong> <strong>Prokopa<\/strong><\/a> pomohl zlep\u0161it p\u0159\u00edstupn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed osobn\u00ed bankrot.\u00a0<em>\u201ePodm\u00ednky jsou v novele nastaven\u00e9 tak, \u017ee p\u0159i p\u0159echodu do insolvence ztrat\u00edte a\u017e 6\u00a0000 m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u011b. P\u0159echod do insolvence se tedy \u010d\u00e1sti dlu\u017en\u00edk\u016f nevyplat\u00ed. Pro samostatn\u011b \u017eij\u00edc\u00ed lidi \u2013 tedy samo\u017eivitelky a d\u016fchodce \u2013 je nav\u00edc diskrimina\u010dn\u011b nastaven v\u00fdpo\u010det nezabaviteln\u00e9ho minima. Tedy toho, co jim jist\u011b z\u016fstane bez ohledu na p\u0159\u00edjmy. T\u011bmto dom\u00e1cnostem je takto garantov\u00e1na \u010d\u00e1stka jen 50 % hladiny p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00e9 chudoby a velk\u00fdm rodin\u00e1m i p\u0159es 100 % hladiny p\u0159\u00edjmov\u00e9 chudoby.\u201c<\/em>\u00a0\u0159ekl Prokop.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/people-profile\/tomas-pospisil\/\"><strong>Tom\u00e1\u0161 Posp\u00ed\u0161il<\/strong><\/a>, zakladatel a \u0159editel<strong>\u00a0<\/strong>projektu\u00a0<strong><em>Exekutor m\u00e1\u00a0sm\u016flu.cz<\/em><\/strong>, souhlasil s tvrzen\u00edm, \u017ee exekuc\u00ed se v\u00a0\u010cesk\u00e9 republice vyskytuje obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed. Velk\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st z\u00a0nich je nav\u00edc protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201e<em>My se v\u00a0r\u00e1mci projektu Exekutor m\u00e1 sm\u016flu.cz v\u011bnujeme zastavov\u00e1n\u00ed exekuc\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly na\u0159\u00edzeny na z\u00e1klad\u011b neplatn\u00fdch rozhod\u010d\u00edch n\u00e1lez\u016f. U\u017e jsme pomohli zastavit exekuce za zhruba p\u016fl miliardy korun.\u201c<\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>V\u00fdjimkou podle Posp\u00ed\u0161ila nebyly ani p\u0159\u00edpady, kdy byl rozhodce ekonomicky z\u00e1visl\u00fd na \u00fav\u011brov\u00e9 spole\u010dnosti, o jej\u00ed\u017e pohled\u00e1vk\u00e1ch rozhodoval. Kv\u016fli vysok\u00fdm \u00farok\u016fm a pokut\u00e1m se pak dluh b\u011bhem p\u00e1r let vy\u0161plhal na desetin\u00e1sobky p\u016fvodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1stky. Skute\u010dnost, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 exekuce jsou protipr\u00e1vn\u00ed a lze je z\u00e1konn\u011b zastavit, je p\u0159itom zn\u00e1m\u00e1 ji\u017e l\u00e9ta. Soudy se jimi v\u0161ak t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 nezab\u00fdvaj\u00ed, \u00fadajn\u011b z d\u016fvodu p\u0159et\u00ed\u017eenosti<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Jednou z cest, jak sn\u00ed\u017eit m\u00edru zadlu\u017een\u00ed obyvatelstva, je zvy\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed jeho finan\u010dn\u00ed gramotnosti. \u0160kolen\u00ed, kter\u00e1 se tomuto t\u00e9matu v\u011bnuj\u00ed, po\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1 spolek <strong>Nugis Finem<\/strong>. Jeho \u010dlen <strong>Martin Smejkal, student Pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 fakulty Univerzity Palack\u00e9ho v\u00a0Olomouci,<\/strong> p\u0159i sv\u00e9m vystoupen\u00ed na debat\u011b kladl d\u016fraz na prevenci: \u201e<em>Je lep\u0161\u00ed takov\u00fdm situac\u00edm rad\u011bji p\u0159edch\u00e1zet ne\u017e je \u0159e\u0161it na posledn\u00ed chv\u00edli\u201c.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Debatu uzav\u0159el moder\u00e1tor <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/people-profile\/jiri-schneider-2\/\">Ji\u0159\u00ed Schneider,<\/a> \u0159editel Aspen Institute Central Europe.<\/strong><\/p>\n<blockquote><p>\u201e<em>Vzhledem k\u00a0 tomu, \u017ee se exekuce t\u00fdkaj\u00ed zhruba desetiny obyvatel, je t\u0159eba rozb\u00edt stereotyp, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 pouze o soci\u00e1ln\u011b vylou\u010denou skupinu. Kdy\u017e si p\u0159ipust\u00edme, \u017ee do takov\u00e9 situace se m\u016f\u017ee dostat ka\u017ed\u00fd z\u00a0 n\u00e1s, budeme\u00a0 m\u00e9n\u011b p\u0159edpojat\u00ed ve snaze naj\u00edt \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed. St\u00e1t by na tom m\u011bl m\u00edt z\u00e1jem, proto\u017ee zoufal\u00ed lid\u00e9 d\u011blaj\u00ed zoufal\u00e9 \u010diny.<\/em>\u201c<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>Jednotliv\u00e9 region\u00e1ln\u00ed diskuze jsou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed listopadov\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed konference Aspen Institute Central Europe \u201e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/event\/kam-kracis-cesko-2018\/\"><em>Kam kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed\u0161, \u010cesko<\/em>?<\/a>\u201c, jej\u00edm\u017e c\u00edlem je komplexn\u011b zhodnotit politick\u00fd, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd a spole\u010densk\u00fd v\u00fdvoj \u010cesk\u00e9 republiky v kontextu st\u0159edn\u00ed Evropy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ve\u0159ejn\u00e1 region\u00e1ln\u00ed debata na t\u00e9ma Kvality \u017eivota, kter\u00e1 je sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed listopadov\u00e9 v\u00fdro\u010dn\u00ed konference \u201eKam kr\u00e1\u010d\u00ed\u0161, \u010cesko?\u201c.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":18836,"template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false},"news-tag":[582],"class_list":["post-28806","news-article","type-news-article","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","news-tag-ekonomicke-debaty"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-article\/28806","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-article"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/news-article"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/18836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28806"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"news-tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.aspeninstitutece.org\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/news-tag?post=28806"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}